↑ Macchi M, Bruce J (2004). “Human pineal physiology and functional significance of melatonin”. Front Neuroendocrinol 25 (3–4): 177–95. PMID15589268. doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2004.08.001.
↑ Arendt J, Skene DJ (2005). “Melatonin as a chronobiotic”. Sleep Med Rev 9 (1): 25–39. PMID15649736. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2004.05.002. Exogenous melatonin has acute sleepiness-inducing and temperature-lowering effects during 'biological daytime', and when suitably timed (it is most effective around dusk and dawn) it will shift the phase of the human circadian clock (sleep, endogenous melatonin, core body temperature, cortisol) to earlier (advance phase shift) or later (delay phase shift) times.
